It takes about four years for an oil palm tree to produce fruit suitable for harvest. Each tree will then continue to bear fruit for up to 30 years, at the same time they will grow to about 12 meters.
What is meant by crop rotation?
Harvest rotation is a harvest rotation between the last harvest and the next harvest in the same place. The normal number of crop rotations per year is around 36-48 rotations / year with normal harvest intervals of 7-9 days.
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How many tons of oil per hectare?Oil palm can produce 4.17 tonnes oil per hectare, much different from other crops. |
How many years does oil palm begin to bear fruit?
In general, oil palm is a plant with an average age of 20-25 years. Entering the first three years, oil palm fruit will appear for the first time and are called young oil palms. It is called young because it has not been able to produce fruit optimally. At the age of 4 to 6 years, these palms will begin to bear optimal fruit.
How long does it usually take for palm fruit to be ripe and ready to be harvested?
Oil palm harvest maturity standard: Harvest interval should not be more than 10 days in the first 3 (three) years after producing oil palm fruit and should not exceed 14 days for older oil palm trees, during low fruit season carry out extra checks so that harvesters do not harvesting the raw fruit of oil palm to meet the borong standard.
How many meters are planted for oil palms?
Oil palm planting can also use a spacing of 9.5 m X 9.5 m X 9.5 m with a perpendicular distance (U-S) of 8.2 and a population of 128 trees per hectare.
What is the 5/7 system crop rotation for oil palm?
There are two crop rotations in harvesting activities, namely 5/7 and 6/7. Harvest rotation 5/7 means the harvesting activity is carried out within 5 days a week, while harvest rotation 6/7 means that the harvesting activity is carried out 6 days a week.
Why are oil palm fruit small?
If the energy and nutrients in immature plants (TBM) are divided to support generative growth, then the vegetative growth is not optimal. The palm oil trunk will be small so that the fruit produced is small.
What is the economic age of oil palm for cultivation?
In general, oil palms begin to bear fruit after 2.5 years of age and ripen 5.5 months after pollination. Oil palms can be harvested when they are 31 months old.
What is the use of KCL fertilizer for palm oil?
The use of Kcl (mop) fertilizer on oil palm plants. MOP / KCl fertilizer contains 64% nutrient potassium. The nutrient potassium is most useful for the growth of oil palm stems, in this case it is useful for strengthening the stems. Together with other nutrients for the formation of oil palm fruit.
What are oil palm nurseries?
Nursery is the beginning of field activities which must be started at least one year before planting in the field. The goal of oil palm nurseries is to produce high quality seedlings that must be available when the preparation of planting land is complete.
Cover crops in oil palm plantations
Cover crops are plants or plants specifically planted to protect the soil from the threat of damage by erosion and / or to improve the chemical and physical properties of the soil. Planting ground cover crops (legumes) or Legium Cover Crop (LCC) is very important in oil palm plantations.
To obtain maximum benefits, planting legumes must be able to completely cover the soil surface or 100% of the LCP. Ground cover crops (legumes) are cultivated crops, ground cover crops that are often used to cover soil in plantation crops, especially oil palm plants. LCC application is the right way to optimize land potential and environmental friendliness.
LCC planting can improve soil fertility, suppress weed growth in the planting area, increase the availability of carbon and nitrogen in the soil, and reduce the rate of erosion. There are several types of LCC that are most popular for cultivation, namely Peuraria Javanica (PJ), Centrosema Pubescens (CP), Calopogonium Mucunoides (CM), Psophocarpus Palustris (PP), Calopogonium Caeruleum (CC), Mucuna Bracteata (MB).
What is the role of cover crops in oil palm?
Ground cover plants play a role:
- Retain or reduce the destructive power of falling raindrops and the flow of water over the ground,
- Increase soil nutrients, through nitrogen fixation,
- Adding soil organic matter through fallen dead stems, twigs and leaves,
- Suppress weed growth,
- Improve the physical condition of the soil (soil structure, permeability, aeration)
- Increase the development of oil palm roots,
- Carry out transpiration, which reduces groundwater content.
What are the ground cover requirements for oil palm?
The requirements for plants as ground cover are
- The nature of the root does not interfere with and does not compete with the main crop
- Easily reproduced both vegetative and generative
- Provides a high content of organic matter whether under sunlight or protected
- Resistant to pests or drought and is not a host plant for pests for the main crop
- resistant to weeds, disease and drought,
- able to suppress weed growth,
- easy to eradicate if the land will be used for planting seasonal crops or other staple crops,
- according to the use for land reclamation, and
- Does not have unpleasant qualities such as twisted thorns and tendrils.