What are the factors that influence facial skin type?

Facial Skin Type

The skin can be classified into 3 main types as follows. a. Oily skin On oily skin, the fat glands work excessively so that the skin looks shiny, thick, has strong tone, large pores and is prone to problems in the form of pimples (blackheads, acne, and the like). b. Dry skin In dry skin, the fat glands are less active. The skin looks dull, thin, scaly, smooth skin, wrinkles appear more quickly. The pores are not visible, it is easy to get interference with the widening of the hair vessels. c. Normal Skin The skin is not oily and dry, so it looks fresh and nice, almost invisible pores. The excretion of dirt and absorption of useful substances through the skin and blood circulation goes well, so it is rare to get acne disorders or the appearance of defects on the facial skin and the tone is good. d. Mixed Leather Mixed type skin, which is the center of the face (around the nose, chin, and forehead) is sometimes oily or normal. While other parts are normal or dry skin. Can occur at any age, but is more common at the age of 35 years and over.

The skin can be classified into 3 main types as follows.

a. Oily skin

On oily skin, the fat glands work excessively so that the skin looks shiny, thick, has strong tone, large pores and is prone to problems in the form of pimples (blackheads, acne, and the like).

b. Dry skin

In dry skin, the fat glands are less active. The skin looks dull, thin, scaly, smooth skin, wrinkles appear more quickly. The pores are not visible, it is easy to get interference with the widening of the hair vessels.

c. Normal Skin

The skin is not oily and dry, so it looks fresh and nice, almost invisible pores. The excretion of dirt and absorption of useful substances through the skin and blood circulation goes well, so it is rare to get acne disorders or the appearance of defects on the facial skin and the tone is good.

d. Mixed Leather

Mixed type skin, which is the center of the face (around the nose, chin, and forehead) is sometimes oily or normal. While other parts are normal or dry skin. Can occur at any age, but is more common at the age of 35 years and over.


Factors Affecting Skin Type

There are several factors that affect changes in skin type, including the following.

a. Age

Age factors can affect changes in a person's skin type. For example, a person who as a child has normal skin types after adolescence, his skin becomes oily. Likewise, when you are young, you have oily skin and your skin becomes dry after getting old.

b. Food and Drink factors

Changes in skin type, can be caused by the type of food consumed. For example fatty, hot, spicy, or iced drinks can change your skin from normal to oily. Conversely, eating acid, liquor or alcoholic can turn normal skin dry.

c. Climate factors

Climate can cause changes in skin type. In hot climates, the skin can turn oily, while in cold climates it can become dry.

Diagnosis of Facial Skin

Diagnosis of facial skin aims to determine the type of skin and is useful in determining how to care and choosing suitable cosmetics as ingredients for beauty stylists.

a. Diagnosis Function

  1. Determine treatment measures.
  2. Choose cosmetics that suit your facial skin type.
  3. Choose a color for make-up according to skin tone and time of day.
  4. To carry out corrective actions (formation or addition), either with care or with make-up.
Some things that need to be considered and asked to determine the diagnosis of facial skin, are:
  • skin type,
  • tone and turgor,
  • pores,
  • folds and skin lines,
  • skin disorders,
  • face shape.

b. Determination of Action

  1. The cosmetic ingredients used.
  2. Treatment or medication

Procedure for how the diagnosis of facial skin works

1. Tools

The tools used in diagnosing facial skin are a magnifying glass (magnyfying lamp) and a diagnosis card.

2. Materials

The ingredients needed to diagnose facial skin are cleaning cosmetics according to skin type and sufficient water. The flax that is needed is a white blanket, small towel, hair bandow, and camisole.

3. Occupational Health and Safety

Occupational health and safety in facial skin care includes:
  • The environment must be clean
  • The tools to be used must be sterilized first

4. Work Steps

  • Have a diagnosis card (care record) ready.
  • Do a consultation (amanesse)
  • Prepare the client for care.
  • Perform facial skin cleansing with cleansing cosmetics.
  • Perform a skin diagnosis by means of inspection (observation) and palpation (experiment), including the following:
    • Skin Type
      1. Normal skin
      2. Oily skin
      3. Dry skin
      4. Mixed leather
    • Tonus and turgor. To determine loose or tight by:
      1. tone, namely pressing the skin of the cheeks under the cheekbones, and
      2. turgor, namely pinching the skin of the cheeks.
    • Pores. Depending on the type of skin, pores may or may not be visible. A blockage in the hair bladder can dilate the pores.
    • Creases and skin lines. On the face or neck there is almost always the formation of folds and skin lines.

In general, creases (wrinkles) are influenced by 2 (two) factors as follows:

  1. Habitual wrinkles, namely habitual wrinkles between the eyebrows, around the eyes, nose creases, lips (smile-line).
  2. Wrinkles due to age, namely wrinkles due to age found on the forehead, neck and around the mouth.

Skin disorders. 

Skin disorders include:
  1. pigmentation disorders,
  2. malfunctioning of the oil glands,
  3. skin irritation,
  4. circulatory disorders.
Record all diagnostic results on the card provided. Inform the client of the actions to be carried out in accordance with the results of the diagnosis.
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