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| The development of sensors and transducers is very fast according to advances in automation technology, the more complex an automation system is built, the more types of sensors are used. |
Different functions of internal and external sensors
Robotics is an example of the application of complex automation systems, here the sensors used can be categorized into two types of sensors, namely: (D Sharon, et al, 1982)
- Internal sensor, namely sensors that are installed inside the robot body. Internal sensors are needed to observe the position, speed, and acceleration of various mechanical joints in the robot, and are part of the servo mechanism.
- External sensor, which is a sensor that is installed outside the robot body. External sensors are needed for two reasons:
- For safety and
- For a guide.
"Security" means security for robots, namely the protection of robots from self-inflicted damage, as well as security for equipment, components, and people in the environment where the robot is used.
The following are two simple examples to illustrate the above case.
First example: suppose a robot moves to its new position and it encounters an obstacle, which could be another machine for example. If the robot does not have a sensor capable of detecting the obstacle, either before or after contact occurs, the result will be damage.
The second example: sensor for security is illustrated with the robot's problem in picking up an egg. If the robot is installed with a mechanical gripper (gripper), then the sensor must be able to measure how much power is right to take the egg.
Too much force will cause the egg to break, while if it is too small the egg will fall apart.
Now what about sensor for guides or guides?
This category is very broad, but the following examples will give some consideration. In accordance with the function of the sensor as a signal detector and informing the signal to the next system, the role and function of the sensor will be continued by the transducer.
Because the relationship between the sensor and the transducer is so close, the selection of the right and appropriate transducer also needs to be considered.